食物碗与听诊器图标

治疗性营养

针对具有营养敏感健康状况的猫犬需求的实用信息。

牙齿/口腔健康问题

猫犬口臭

尽管口臭可因其他疾病而发生,如慢性肾病,但最常起源于口腔。1 当食物残渣滞留在牙齿中,或老年宠物唾液分泌减少时,可能会产生恶臭。1 然而,更严重的口臭通常与牙周病的发生和进展有关。牙菌斑细菌主要是厌氧菌,随着牙菌斑继续在牙齿上积聚而更加占据主导地位,它们在口腔中代谢蛋白质,导致释放出挥发性硫化物(如硫化氢),这正是产生难闻气味的原因。1 口臭通常是主人最先观察到的宠物牙周病症状。2,3 作为综合性牙科卫生计划的一部分,营养可以在宠物口臭以及相关牙周病的管理中发挥重要作用。

牙齿红色通用图标

重要信息


  • 研究表明,投喂专门配制的磨牙咀嚼物和饮食可减少牙周病引起的口臭。2,4-7 借助特定的成分和机械性能,磨牙咀嚼物和饮食可抑制导致口臭的挥发性硫化物的产生:
    • 可溶性锌盐(如硫酸锌)与硫结合,不会形成挥发性硫化物,而是形成没有气味的化合物。2,3 由于锌盐具有抗菌活性,也可减少牙菌斑。2,3,7,8
    • 无机磷酸盐,例如焦磷酸钠,可抑制牙菌斑矿化形成牙石2,3,9 牙石成为了滋生更多牙菌斑的病灶,促进释放更高浓度的挥发性硫化物,并导致牙周病进一步恶化。3,10
    • 由于延长了咀嚼时间并增加了与牙齿和牙龈的接触,专门配制的磨牙饮食和咀嚼物可提供研磨(机械)作用,在宠物咀嚼时刮去牙菌斑和牙垢。2,4,7-9
    • 研究表明磨牙咀嚼物和饮食可减少猫的牙菌斑和牙石积聚,11,12 从而减轻口臭,但此益处的相关支持数据尚未发表。
对话开场白背景图片

“您在爱宠口腔中闻到异味,是由于它牙齿上的细菌和牙菌斑所致。经过专业的洁牙和抛光后,我们可以使用磨牙咀嚼物或饮食来帮助减少您爱宠的牙齿出现新的牙菌斑沉积,从而让您爱宠呼出的气味不再难闻。”

参考文献

  1. Eubanks, D. L. (2006). Canine oral malodor. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, 42, 77–79.
  2. Mateo, A., Torre, C., Crusafont, J., Sallas, A., & Jeusette, I. C. (2020). Evaluation of efficacy of a dental chew to reduce gingivitis, dental plaque, calculus, and halitosis in toy breed dogs. Journal of Veterinary Dentistry, 37(1), 22–28. doi: 10.1177/0898756420926766
  3. Roudebush, P., Logan, E., & Hale, F. A. (2005). Evidence-based veterinary dentistry: A systematic review of homecare for prevention of periodontal disease in dogs and cats. Journal of Veterinary Dentistry, 22(1), 6–15.
  4. Gorrel, C., Warrick, J., & Bierer, T. L. (1999). Effect of a new dental hygiene chew on periodontal health in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Dentistry, 16(2), 77-81.
  5. Simone, A., Jensen, L., Setser, C., Smith, M., & Suelzer, M. (1994) Assessment of oral malodor in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Dentistry, 11(2), 71-74.
  6. Gorrel, C., & Bierer, T. L. (1999). Long term effects of a dental hygiene chew on the periodontal health of dogs. Journal of Veterinary Dentistry, 16(3), 109-113.
  7. Jeusette, I. C., Román, A. M., Torre, C., Crusafont, J., Sánchez, N., Sánchez, M. C., Pérez-Salcedo, L., & Herrera, D. (2016). 24-hour evaluation of dental plaque bacteria and halitosis after consumption of a single placebo or dental treat by dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 77(6), 613–619. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.77.6.613
  8. Logan, E. I. (2006). Dietary influences on periodontal health in dogs and cats. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 36, 1385–1401. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2006.09.002
  9. Hennet, P., Servet, E., Soulard, Y., & Biourge, V. (2007). Effect of pellet food size and polyphosphates in preventing calculus accumulation in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Dentistry, 24(4), 236-239. doi: 10.1177/089875640702400405
  10. Harvey, C. E. (1998). Periodontal disease in dogs: Etiopathogenesis, prevalence, and significance. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 28(5), 1111–1128.
  11. Ingham, K. E., Gorrel, C., & Bierer, T. L. (2002). Effect of a dental chew on dental substrates and gingivitis in cats. Journal of Veterinary Dentistry, 19(4), 201-204.
  12. Clarke, D. E., Servet, E., Hendriks, W., Thomas, D. G., Weidgraaf, K., & Biourge, V. C. (2010). Effect of kibble size, shape, and additives on plaque in cats. Journal of Veterinary Dentistry, 27(2), 84-89.