Muscle condition scoring is a hands-on method for evaluating lean body mass that can be used as part of nutritional assessments.

Water is an essential nutrient and is considered the nutrient most critical for survival. Losses in body water of just 10-15% can cause death, with animals able to tolerate much higher fat or protein losses.

Water is vital to health. How much water should pets drink, are there differences between cats and dogs, and how can pets be encouraged to drink?

Good nutrition is essential to ensure a strong immune system throughout the life of cats and dogs. Age, disease or stress can all affect the immune system. Diet plays an important role to optimize immune function and ultimately strengthen the natural defense and immune response.

The water needs of pets should not be overlooked.