Maintenance Energy Requirements (MER) Calculator for Dogs 

Introduction 

Nutrition is a crucial factor in maintaining the health of pets. It can contribute to longer, healthier lives and lower the risk of certain health issues. Feeding the correct diet in the appropriate amount is essential. Pets should be fed to maintain an ideal body condition. Estimates of Maintenance Energy Requirement (MER) (which provides a “daily calorie allowance”) or feeding recommendations on pet food labels based on the pet’s weight can provide a starting guideline for how much to feed. 
 

Using the MER Calculator for Dogs 

Numerous equations are available to estimate MER. Each equation may yield a different estimate, but all are based on the needs of an “average” dog or cat. However, individual pets’ needs can vary. The (MER) calculator for dogs is an interactive tool designed to help you easily and quickly calculate the daily caloric needs of your pet, taking into account its individual needs. It provides tailored nutritional recommendations based on the following factors: 

  • Age group (young, active adult; inactive or neutered adult; senior dogs*) 
  • Weight 
  • Body Condition Score, a subjective and semi-quantitative method that uses visual and palpable characteristics to assess body fat and estimate a pet’s optimal body weight, regardless of breed or body size 
  • Weight goal (lose or maintain weight) 

Check out this video demonstrating how to use the MER calculator. 

MER and Weight Loss 

During development of a weight loss plan for an overweight or obese pet, MER can be calculated based on the pet’s current body weight or on target body weight. When making MER recommendations, it is important to note that drastic calorie restriction increases the risk of creating nutrient deficiencies, so obese pets should be monitored closely during weight loss. Rather than rapid weight loss, gradual loss, i.e., 1–2% of body weight per week for dogs, helps maintain lean body mass and mitigate rebound weight gain.  

Read more in the Nutritional and Behavioral Strategies for Preventing and Managing Excess Weight monograph. 

MER and Aging 
Remember, as dogs age, their caloric needs will evolve. Before external signs are seen, aging dogs will experience slower metabolism and lower activity level that together result in lower energy (calorie) needs and increase the potential for excess weight gain unless an adjustment in the type or amount of food is made. To prevent excess weight gain, which can place additional stress on aging joints, regularly reassessing their daily caloric needs with tools like the MER calculator is essential. 

Learn more about Feeding Senior Dogs. 

* Estimated Age of Reaching Senior Status: 

Breed Size: Age (years) 

-Toy/small breeds: 8+ years 

-Medium breeds: 7+ years 

-Large/giant breeds: 6+ years